600–501 BC52 events9 regions
6th century BC
In the 6th century BC: 52 events across 9 regions, including Cyrus overthrows Astyages: the rise of the Persian Empire, The reforms of Cleisthenes: the foundations of Athenian democracy, The reforms of Solon in Athens.
Events
Western and Central Europe
- Phocaean Greeks found Massaliac. 600 BC
- The Heuneburg and its mudbrick wallc. 600 BC – c. 530 BC
- Battle of Alalia off Corsicabetween 540 and 535 BC
- The princely grave of Hochdorfc. 530 BC
- Pythagoras founds his community at Crotonc. 530 BC
- Rome expels its last king: the traditional founding of the Republic509 BC (?)
Eastern Europe
- Milesian colonists found Olbia on the Bug estuarybetween 575 and 550 BC
- Colonists from Teos found Phanagoriabetween 543 and 540 BC
- Darius I invades European Scythiac. 513 BC
Balkans and Anatolia
- The reforms of Solon in Athensbetween 594 and 593 BC
- The battle of the eclipse: Lydians and Medes make peace28 May 585 BC
- The Milesians: Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenesc. 585 BC – c. 528 BC
- The tunnel of Eupalinos on Samosc. 550 BC
- Cyrus defeats Croesus and takes Sardisbetween 547 and 546 BC
- The tyranny of Pisistratus and his sons in Athens561–510 BC
- Polycrates makes Samos a sea powerbetween 540 and 535 BC – 522 BC
- Athenian potters invent red-figure vase paintingbetween 530 and 520 BC
- The reforms of Cleisthenes: the foundations of Athenian democracybetween 508 and 507 BC
Middle East and Egypt
- Nebuchadnezzar II takes Jerusalem and deports King JehoiachinMarch 597 BC
- Greek mercenaries carve their names at Abu Simbelbetween 593 and 592 BC
- The Babylonians destroy Jerusalem and the First Templebetween 587 and 586 BC
- Nebuchadnezzar II builds the Ishtar Gate of Babylonbetween 575 and 562 BC
- The Babylonian exile of the JudeansMarch 597 BC – 538 BC
- Cyrus overthrows Astyages: the rise of the Persian Empirebetween 550 and 549 BC
- Reign of Amasis II in Egypt570–526 BC
- Nabonidus rules from the Arabian oasis of Tayma552–543 BC
- Cyrus the Great takes BabylonOctober 539 BC
- Return from Babylon and the building of the Second Temple538 BC – between 516 and 515 BC
- Cambyses II conquers Egypt: the battle of Pelusium525 BC
- Darius I seizes the throne: the Behistun inscriptionbetween 521 and 518 BC
- Darius I founds Persepolisbetween 518 and 515 BC
Africa
- Psamtik II's army sacks Napatabetween 593 and 592 BC
- Reign of Aspelta in Kushc. 600 BC – c. 580 BC
- Cyrenaeans destroy an Egyptian army at Irasac. 570 BC
- Cambyses' expedition against Kushbetween 525 and 522 BC
Central and Northern Asia
- Cyrus conquers Bactria and Sogdiana and probably founds Cyropolisc. 545 BC – c. 540 BC
- Cyrus the Great dies in the war with the Massagetae530 BC
- Pazyryk culture: frozen tombs of the Altaibetween 600 and 500 BC – between 300 and 201 BC
South Asia
- Painted Grey Ware culturec. 1200 BC – between 600 and 500 BC
- Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, one of the oldest Upanishadsbetween 700 and 500 BC
- Persia conquers Gandhara and the Indus landsbetween 535 and 518 BC
- Scylax of Caryanda sails down the Indus for Darius Ibetween 519 and 510 BC
- The sixteen great realms: the age of the mahajanapadasc. 600 BC – c. 345 BC
East Asia
- Upper Xiajiadian culturec. 1000 BC – c. 600 BC
- Middle Mumun (Songguk-ri) period in Koreac. 850 BC – c. 550 BC
- Battle of Yanling575 BC
- Birth of Confucius (traditional date)551 BC
- The peace conference of Song546 BC
- Duke Jing of Qin is buried with 186 sacrificed people537 BC
- Zichan has Zheng's penal laws cast in bronze536 BC
- Battle of Boju: Wu takes the Chu capital506 BC
North America
- From Pre-Dorset to Dorset in the eastern Arcticbetween 1000 and 850 BC – between 750 and 400 BC
Still going on
Processes that began earlier and continued through this period
- Tichitt tradition of the Mauritanian escarpmentsc. 2000 BC – c. 400 BC · Africa
- Lapita cultural complexc. 1600 BC – c. 500 BC · Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Gajiganna culture of the Lake Chad plainsc. 1800 BC – between 500 and 1 BC · Africa
- Chorrera culture of Ecuadorc. 1300 BC – c. 300 BC · Latin America
- Koban culture of the Caucasusc. 1200 BC – c. 350 BC · Eastern Europe
- Nok culturec. 1500 BC – c. 1 BC · Africa
- Meadowood interaction spherec. 1050 BC – c. 450 BC · North America
- Temple centre of Chavín de Huántarbetween 1200 and 900 BC – between 500 and 250 BC · Latin America
- La Venta becomes the leading Olmec centrec. 900 BC – c. 400 BC · Latin America
- Hallstatt culture: the Early Iron Age of Central Europec. 800 BC – c. 450 BC · Western and Central Europe
- Aldy-Bel culture of Tuvabetween 800 and 700 BC – c. 500 BC · Central and Northern Asia
- Chalcatzingo at its height700–500 BC · Latin America
- Tasmola culture of central Kazakhstanc. 800 BC – c. 400 BC · Central and Northern Asia
- Polynesian Plainware phase in Tongac. 750 BC – c. 400 BC · Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Talaiotic culture of the Balearic Islandsbetween 1000 and 850 BC – 123 BC · Western and Central Europe
- Ananyino culture of the Volga and Kamabetween 750 and 700 BC – c. 300 BC · Eastern Europe
- Castro culture of north-western Iberiac. 900 BC – between 100 and 1 BC · Western and Central Europe
- Paracas culture of southern Perubetween 840 and 800 BC – c. 100 BC · Latin America
- Adena burial and mound-building traditionsc. 1000 BC – c. 100 · North America
- Dong Son culture and bronze-drum networksc. 1000 BC – c. 100 · Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Tagar culture of the Minusinsk Basinc. 800 BC – between 200 and 1 BC · Central and Northern Asia
- The Buddha teaches in the Ganges valleybetween 531 and 413 BC – between 486 and 368 BC · South Asia
- Sa Huỳnh culturec. 1000 BC – c. 200 · Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Tchefuncte culture of the Lower Mississippic. 800 BC – c. 1 · North America
- Groswater Palaeo-Eskimo culture of Labrador and Newfoundlandbetween 850 and 800 BC – c. 50 · North America
- The Chupícuaro culture of the Lerma riverbetween 600 and 400 BC – between 200 and 250 · Latin America
- The Urewe tradition: pottery and early iron-working in the Great Lakes regionbetween 800 and 500 BC – between 600 and 800 · Africa