Muscovy
From the “gathering of the Russian lands” under Ivan III and liberation from dependence on the Horde to Ivan IV’s coronation as tsar and the annexation of Kazan and Astrakhan.
16 events · 3 regions · Eastern Europe, South Asia, Central and Northern Asia
Under Ivan III (1462–1505) the Grand Duchy of Moscow subjugated Novgorod, Tver and other Russian lands and ceased to recognize the authority of the Horde: the Great Stand on the Ugra River in 1480 is conventionally regarded as the end of the Tatar yoke. Marriage to Sophia Palaiologina raised the prestige of the Muscovite ruler, Italian masters rebuilt the Kremlin, and the Sudebnik of 1497 introduced uniform rules of justice for the whole country. Muscovite armies were already campaigning beyond the Urals, in Yugra, while in the west long wars with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania began.
Vasily III (1505–1533) annexed Pskov, Smolensk and Ryazan. His son Ivan IV was crowned tsar in 1547, and the Muscovite state became the Tsardom of Russia. The capture of Kazan (1552) and Astrakhan (1556) brought the entire course of the Volga under Moscow’s rule and opened the way east, to the Urals and Siberia.
Events
- Accession of Ivan III27 March 1462 · Eastern Europe
- Afanasy Nikitin’s Journey Beyond the Three Seasbetween 1466 and 1468 – between 1472 and 1474 · South Asia
- Marriage of Ivan III and Sophia Palaiologina12 November 1472 · Eastern Europe
- Construction of the Kremlin’s Dormition Cathedral1475 – August 1479 · Eastern Europe
- Muscovite–Novgorodian War (1477–1478)9 October 1477 – 15 January 1478 · Eastern Europe
- Great Stand on the Ugra River8 October – 11 November 1480 · Eastern Europe
- Muscovite campaign across the Urals against Pelym and Yugra9 May – 1 October 1483 · Central and Northern Asia
- Construction of the Moscow Kremlin walls and towers1485–1495 · Eastern Europe
- Sudebnik of 1497September 1497 · Eastern Europe
- Battle of Vedrosha14 July 1500 · Eastern Europe
- Annexation of Pskov by Moscow13 January 1510 · Eastern Europe
- Capture of Smolensk (1514)between 30 July and 1 August 1514 · Eastern Europe
- Battle of Orsha8 September 1514 · Eastern Europe
- Coronation of Ivan IV as tsar16 January 1547 · Eastern Europe
- Capture of Kazan23 August – 2 October 1552 · Eastern Europe
- Annexation of the Astrakhan Khanate26 August 1556 · Eastern Europe
Key participants
Sources
- Wikipedia (English): Grand Principality of Moscow
- Wikipedia (English): Tsardom of Russia
- Wikipedia (Russian): Великое княжество Московское
- Wikipedia (Russian): Русское царство
- Wikipedia (Russian): Объединение Руси
- Черепнин Л. В. Образование Русского централизованного государства в XIV–XV веках: Очерки социально-экономической и политической истории Руси. — М.: Изд-во социально-экономической литературы, 1960.
- Fennell J. L. I. Ivan the Great of Moscow. — London: Macmillan, 1961.
- Зимин А. А. Россия на рубеже XV–XVI столетий: Очерки социально-политической истории. — М.: Мысль, 1982.
- Скрынников Р. Г. Иван Грозный. — М.: Наука, 1975.
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