Roman–Parthian War of 58–63
Rome and Parthia fought over the throne of Armenia. Corbulo took Artaxata and Tigranocerta, but after a Roman army capitulated at Rhandeia the war ended in a compromise: Tiridates, the brother of Vologases I, would rule Armenia but receive his crown from Nero.
- Date
- 58–63year known · duration: ≈ 5 years
- Place
- Artaxatatoday: near Artashat, Ararat Province, Armenia · Middle East and Egypt
- Participants
- Roman Empire, Parthian Empire, Kingdom of Armenia, Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, Tiridates I of Armenia, Vologases I, Nero
- Threads
- Middle East and Egypt (1st–5th c.)
- Also known as
- Armenian War of 58–63; Treaty of Rhandeia; Peace of Rhandeia; Рандейский мир; Война за Армению
In 52/53 Vologases I installed his brother Tiridates on the throne of Armenia, and Rome saw a challenge to its influence in the kingdom. Nero sent Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo to the East: in 58 his legions took the northern capital, Artaxata, and burned it because they could not spare men to garrison it, and in 59 they took the southern capital, Tigranocerta, where Rome installed Tigranes VI as king.
In 62 the new governor of Cappadocia, Lucius Caesennius Paetus, was trapped by the Parthians at Rhandeia and capitulated, agreeing to withdraw from Armenia. In 63 Corbulo returned and a settlement was reached at the same place: Tiridates laid his diadem at the foot of Nero’s statue and undertook to receive it again from the emperor in Rome, which he did in 66. The compromise — an Arsacid king crowned by Rome — opened a period of relatively peaceful relations between the two empires that lasted about fifty years.
Connections
Consequences
- Nero crowns Tiridates I in Rome66 · Western and Central Europeunder the Treaty of Rhandeia Tiridates received his crown from Nero
Related events
- Reign of Vologases I51–78 · Middle East and Egyptthe war over the Armenian throne of his brother Tiridates
- Trajan’s Parthian campaign114–117 · Middle East and EgyptTrajan’s war ended the half-century of relative peace that followed Rhandeia
- Roman–Parthian War of 161–166161–166 · Middle East and Egypta century earlier Rome and Parthia had also gone to war over the throne of Armenia
Same participants
- Periplus of the Erythraean Sea40s … 70s · Middle East and Egyptvia Roman Empire
- Boudica’s revoltbetween 60 and 61 · Western and Central Europevia Roman Empire
Meanwhile in the world
Other regions, within a year of this event
Western and Central Europe
- Boudica’s revoltbetween 60 and 61
- Roman conquest of Britain43 – between 83 and 84
- Great Fire of Rome19 July 64 – c. 27 July 64
- Martyrdom of Peter and Paul in Romebetween 64 and 68
Eastern Europe
- The Alans appear on the Don and in the North Caucasusbetween 50 and 72
- Plautius Silvanus lifts the Scythian siege of Chersonesusbetween 61 and 66
- Zarubintsy culturec. 200 BC – c. 200
Balkans and Anatolia
- Dioscorides’ De materia medicabetween 50 and 70
- Missionary journeys of Paulc. 46 – between 57 and 58
Africa
- Adulis and Aksum in the Periplus40s … 70s
- Nero’s expedition to the sources of the Nilebetween 61 and 62
- Temple of Apedemak at Naqabetween 1 BC and AD 70
Central and Northern Asia
- The burials of Tillya Tepe (the Bactrian Gold)between 16 and 100
South Asia
- Kushans conquer Gandhara and Taxilabetween 50 and 70
- Gandharan art: the first images of the Buddhabetween 30 BC and AD 100
- Heyday of Indo-Roman trade: Muziris and Arikameduc. 30 BC – c. 250
East Asia
Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Founding of Funan: Kaundinya and Queen Liuyebetween 1 and 100
- Óc Eo, the port of Funanbetween 1 and 100 – between 601 and 700
- Sa Huỳnh culturec. 1000 BC – c. 200
North America
- Hopewell traditionbetween 200 and 100 BC – c. 500
- Late Basketmaker II erac. 50 – c. 500
Latin America
- Monte Albán II: the Zapotec state expandsc. 100 BC – c. 200
- Rise of Teotihuacanc. 1 – c. 250
- Nazca culture and the Nazca Linesbetween 200 and 100 BC – between 500 and 800
The same period
Sources
- Wikipedia (English): Roman–Parthian War of 58–63
- Wikipedia (English): Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo
- Wikipedia (English): Lucius Caesennius Paetus
- Wikipedia (Russian): Римско-парфянская война (58—63)
- Wikipedia (Russian): Гней Домиций Корбулон
- Wikipedia (Russian): Луций Юний Цезенний Пет (консул 61 года)
- Tacitus. Annals, books XIII–XV.
- Wikidata: Q1533828