Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
Driven from the Pontic steppe by the Pechenegs and Bulgarians, the Magyar tribes under Árpád crossed the Carpathians, occupied the middle Danube basin, destroyed Great Moravia and defeated the Bavarians at Pressburg in 907.
- Date
- between 894 and 895 – 907start: exact date unknown: an interval is given; end: year known · duration: ≈ 12 years
- Place
- Carpathian Basinapproximate locationtoday: Hungary and neighbouring countries · Western and Central Europe
- Participants
- Magyars (Hungarians), Árpád, Pechenegs, First Bulgarian Empire, Great Moravia, East Francia
- Threads
- Early medieval Europe (500–1000)
- Also known as
- Honfoglalás; Обретение родины; Hungarian land-taking; Battle of Pressburg; Битва при Пресбурге
In 894–895 the Magyars, living between the Dnieper and the lower Danube, fought as Byzantine allies against Simeon of Bulgaria; while their warriors were away, Simeon’s Pecheneg allies ravaged their homeland. The survivors crossed the Carpathians — by the northeastern passes or through Transylvania, the sources disagree — into the plain along the Tisza. Hungarian tradition, fixed in the celebrations of 1896, dates the “conquest of the homeland” (honfoglalás) to 895–896.
In 899–900 the Magyars raided Italy, and after Emperor Arnulf’s death in 899 they occupied Pannonia west of the Danube (900). Great Moravia collapsed under their attacks between 902 and 906, and on 4 July 907 they annihilated a Bavarian army at Brezalauspurc (Pressburg, Bratislava). The Carpathian Basin became the base for half a century of raids into Western Europe.
Connections
Related events
- The Pechenegs first come to the Rus’ land915 · Eastern EuropeThe Pechenegs, who drove the Magyars from the Pontic steppe, soon reached the borders of Rus’
- Battle of Lechfeld10–12 August 955 · Western and Central EuropeThe end of half a century of Magyar raids from the Carpathian Basin
Same participants
- Treaty of VerdunAugust 843 · Western and Central Europevia East Francia
- Christianization of Bulgaria864 · Balkans and Anatoliavia First Bulgarian Empire
- Mission of Cyril and Methodius to Great Moravia863 – 6 April 885 · Western and Central Europevia Great Moravia
- Golden Age of Bulgaria under Simeon I893 – 27 May 927 · Balkans and Anatoliavia First Bulgarian Empire
Same place
- The Avars settle in the Carpathian Basinbetween 567 and 568 · Western and Central Europe
Adjacent events in the thread
- Viking siege of Parisbetween 24 November and 25 November 885 – October 886 · Western and Central Europe
- Founding of Cluny Abbeybetween 909 and 910 · Western and Central Europe
Meanwhile in the world
Other regions, within 25 years of this event
Eastern Europe
- The Pechenegs first come to the Rus’ land915
- Oleg takes Kyiv882
- Ibn Fadlan’s embassy to the Volga Bulgars21 June 921 – 12 May 922
- Askold and Dir rule in Kyiv862–882
- Gnezdovo inscriptionbetween 925 and 960
Balkans and Anatolia
- Oleg’s campaign against Constantinople907
- Golden Age of Bulgaria under Simeon I893 – 27 May 927
- Rus’–Byzantine Treaty of 9112 September 911
- Battle of Achelous20 August 917
Middle East and Egypt
- Great Rus’ raid on the Caspianbetween 913 and 914
The same period
Sources
- Wikipedia (English): Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
- Wikipedia (English): Battle of Pressburg
- Wikipedia (Russian): Венгерское завоевание Паннонской равнины
- Wikipedia (Russian): Битва при Прессбурге
- Engel P. The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526. — London: I. B. Tauris, 2001.
- Wikidata: Q4218