Russia at the turn of the 19th centuryWars and battles
Finnish War
The last Russo-Swedish war, begun by Russia as Napoleon’s ally after Tilsit. It ended with the Treaty of Fredrikshamn, under which Finland became part of Russia as the Grand Duchy of Finland.
- Date
- 9 (21) February 1808 – 5 (17) September 1809exact date · duration: ≈ 2 yearsJulian calendar (Old Style); the Gregorian date (New Style) is in brackets
- Place
- Finlandapproximate locationtoday: Finland · Western and Central Europe
- Participants
- Russian Empire, Kingdom of Sweden, Alexander I, Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly, Pyotr Bagration
- Threads
- Russia at the turn of the 19th century
- Also known as
- Финляндская война
On 9 (21) February 1808 Russian troops crossed the border river Kymijoki and within a few weeks occupied southern Finland; in the spring the fortress of Sveaborg capitulated. In March 1809 the war spread to Swedish territory: Bagration’s corps crossed the ice to occupy the Åland Islands, and Barclay de Tolly’s troops crossed the frozen Gulf of Bothnia by way of the Kvarken to Umeå.
After a coup d’état in Stockholm, Sweden signed the peace at Fredrikshamn on 5 (17) September 1809.
Connections
Causes and preconditions
- Treaties of Tilsit25 June (7 July) 1807 · Western and Central EuropeAlliance with France against Sweden
Same participants
- Battle of the Neva15 July 1240 · Eastern Europevia Kingdom of Sweden
- Battle of Austerlitz20 November (2 December) 1805 · Western and Central Europevia Pyotr Bagration
- First Serbian Uprising14 February 1804 – 7 October 1813 · Balkans and Anatoliavia Russian Empire
- Battle of Borodino26 August (7 September) 1812 · Eastern Europevia Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
- French invasion of Russia24 June – 14 December 1812 · Eastern Europevia Alexander I
- Battle of Leipzig4 (16) October 1813 – 7 (19) October 1813 · Western and Central Europevia Kingdom of Sweden
Adjacent events in the thread
- Treaty of Bucharest16 (28) May 1812 · Balkans and Anatolia
Meanwhile in the world
Other regions, within 5 years of this event
Eastern Europe
- Battle of Borodino26 August (7 September) 1812
- Fire of Moscow (1812)2 (14) September 1812 – 6 (18) September 1812
- French invasion of Russia24 June – 14 December 1812
- First Russian circumnavigation26 July (7 August) 1803 – 7 (19) August 1806
- Battle of the Berezina14 (26) November 1812 – 17 (29) November 1812
Balkans and Anatolia
- First Serbian Uprising14 February 1804 – 7 October 1813
- Treaty of Bucharest16 (28) May 1812
Middle East and Egypt
- Muhammad Ali becomes ruler of EgyptMay 1805
- Treaty of Gulistan12 (24) October 1813
Africa
- Jihad of Usman dan Fodio21 February 1804 – 1808
- Battle of Blaauwberg and the capture of the Cape Colony8–18 January 1806
South Asia
- Battle of Assaye23 September 1803
East Asia
- Rezanov’s embassy to Japan26 September (8 October) 1804 – April 1805
- White Lotus Rebellionbetween 1794 and 1796 – 1804
Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Rum Rebellion26 January 1808
- British conquest of Java4 August – 18 September 1811
North America
- Lewis and Clark Expedition14 May 1804 – 23 September 1806
- Founding of Fort RossMarch – 30 August (11 September) 1812
- War of 181218 June 1812 – 17 February 1815
- Louisiana Purchase30 April – 20 December 1803
Latin America
- Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil29 November 1807 – 8 March 1808
- Cry of Dolores16 September 1810
- Balmis Expedition30 November 1803 – 14 August 1806
- Haitian Declaration of Independence1 January 1804
- Haitian Revolutionbetween 21 August and 22 August 1791 – 1 January 1804