Great Stand on the Ugra River
For several weeks Russian regiments kept the army of Akhmat Khan of the Great Horde from crossing the Ugra; the khan withdrew without giving battle. The event is traditionally regarded as the end of the Tatar yoke.
- Date
- 8 October – 11 November 1480exact date · duration: 34 daysDate in the Julian calendar
- Place
- Ugra Riverapproximate locationtoday: Kaluga Oblast, Russia · Eastern Europe
- Participants
- Ivan III, Akhmat Khan, Grand Duchy of Moscow, Golden Horde
- Threads
- Muscovy
Akhmat was counting on help from Casimir IV, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, but Casimir never came: his lands were being ravaged by the Crimean Tatars, Moscow’s allies. On 8 October 1480 the Horde’s attempts to force a crossing of the Ugra were beaten back. As the river was about to freeze over, Ivan III pulled his regiments back to Kremenets and Borovsk, while on 11 November Akhmat turned back; in January 1481 he was killed in the steppe. Historians still debate to what extent the “stand” by itself put an end to dependence on the Horde.
Connections
Related events
- Mongol invasion of Europe1236–1242 · Eastern EuropeBatu’s invasion began the dependence of Rus’ on the Horde; the Great Stand on the Ugra River is regarded as its end
Same participants
- Mongol census of Rus’1257–1259 · Eastern Europevia Golden Horde
- Muscovite–Novgorodian War (1477–1478)9 October 1477 – 15 January 1478 · Eastern Europevia Ivan III
- Muscovite campaign across the Urals against Pelym and Yugra9 May – 1 October 1483 · Central and Northern Asiavia Ivan III
Meanwhile in the world
Other regions, within 25 years of this event
Western and Central Europe
- Battle of Bosworth Field22 August 1485
- Wars of the Roses22 May 1455 – between 1485 and 1487
- Fall of Granada2 January 1492
- First voyage of Christopher Columbus3 August 1492 – 15 March 1493
- Treaty of Tordesillas7 June 1494
+ 4 events
Balkans and Anatolia
- Battle of Otlukbeli11 August 1473
- Siege of Belgrade (1456)4–22 July 1456
Middle East and Egypt
Africa
- Founding of São Jorge da Mina (Elmina)January 1482
- Voyage of Bartolomeu Dias around the southern tip of Africabetween July and August 1487 – December 1488
- Sonni Ali takes Timbuktubetween 1468 and 1469
- Askia Muhammad’s pilgrimage to Meccabetween 1495 and 1497 – between 1497 and 1498
Central and Northern Asia
- Muscovite campaign across the Urals against Pelym and Yugra9 May – 1 October 1483
- Founding of the Kazakh Khanatebetween 1465 and 1471
- Shaybani Khan destroys the Timurid Empire1500 – 27 May 1507
South Asia
- Afanasy Nikitin’s Journey Beyond the Three Seasbetween 1466 and 1468 – between 1472 and 1474
- Vasco da Gama arrives at Calicut20 May 1498
East Asia
- Ōnin War1467–1477
Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Đại Việt crushes Champa: the fall of VijayaNovember 1470 – March 1471
North America
- John Cabot’s voyage to North AmericaMay 1497 – 6 August 1497
- Voyages of the Corte-Real brothers to Newfoundland1500–1502
Latin America
The same period
Sources
- Wikipedia (English): Great Stand on the Ugra River
- Wikipedia (Russian): Стояние на Угре
- Горский А. А. Москва и Орда. — М.: Наука, 2000.
- Wikidata: Q25628