Europe and the Mediterranean in the 13th centuryPolitics and state
Mamluks seize power in Egypt
The Mamluks — Turkic slave soldiers of the Ayyubid sultans — killed Sultan Turanshah and proclaimed Shajar al-Durr ruler of Egypt; the era of the Mamluk Sultanate began.
- Date
- 2 May 1250exact dateDate in the Julian calendar
- Place
- Fariskurtoday: Fariskur, Egypt · Middle East and Egypt
- Participants
- Mamluk Sultanate, Ayyubid dynasty, Shajar al-Durr, Baibars
- Threads
- Europe and the Mediterranean in the 13th century
- Also known as
- Убийство Туран-шаха; Основание Мамлюкского султаната
After the victory over the crusaders, Turanshah, son of the late Sultan as-Salih Ayyub, began to push his father’s Mamluks and the sultan’s widow out of power. On 2 May 1250, in the camp at Fariskur, he was killed by Baibars and other Mamluks. Shajar al-Durr soon married the emir Aybak, who became the first Mamluk sultan; the Mamluk Sultanate ruled Egypt and Syria until the Ottoman conquest of 1517.
Connections
Causes and preconditions
- Battle of al-Mansurah8–11 February 1250 · Middle East and EgyptThe victory over the crusaders strengthened the Mamluks
Related events
- Battle of Ain Jalut3 September 1260 · Middle East and EgyptTen years later the Mamluks halted the Mongols
- Yekuno Amlak founds the Solomonic dynasty1270 · AfricaIn 1273 Yekuno Amlak asked the Mamluk sultan Baibars to send a metropolitan, since the Ethiopian Church was subordinate to the Patriarch of Alexandria
- Fall of Acre18 May 1291 · Middle East and EgyptThe Mamluk sultans from Baibars to al-Ashraf Khalil captured the crusaders’ fortresses and towns one after another
Same participants
- Seventh Crusade1248–1254 · Middle East and Egyptvia Ayyubid dynasty
Meanwhile in the world
Other regions, within 25 years of this event
Western and Central Europe
- Battle of Mohi11 April 1241
- Battle of Legnica9 April 1241
- “Summa Theologica” by Thomas Aquinas1265–1274
- Albigensian Crusade1209–1229
Eastern Europe
- Alexander Nevsky becomes Grand Prince of Vladimir1252
- Coronation of Daniel of Galicia1253
- Yaroslav II receives a yarlyk from Batu1243
- Battle on the Ice5 April 1242
- Mongol census of Rus’1257–1259
+ 10 events
Balkans and Anatolia
- Battle of Köse Dağbetween 26 June and 3 July 1243
- Reconquest of Constantinople25 July 1261
Africa
Central and Northern Asia
- Death of Yaroslav II in Karakorum30 September 1246
- Karakorum becomes the Mongol capital1235
South Asia
- Reign of Razia Sultan in DelhiNovember 1236 – April 1240
East Asia
- Proclamation of the Yuan dynasty1271
- Death of Genghis Khanbetween 18 August and 25 August 1227
- First Mongol invasion of JapanNovember 1274
- Travels of Marco Polo1271–1295
Southeast Asia and Oceania
- Eruption of Samalasbetween May and October 1257
The same period
Sources
- Wikipedia (English): Shajar al-Durr
- Wikipedia (English): Mamluk Sultanate
- Wikipedia (Russian): Шаджар ад-Дурр
- Wikipedia (Russian): Мамлюкский султанат
- Irwin R. The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate, 1250–1382. — London: Croom Helm, 1986.